Heshiiska Muraabaxada

 Conditions of Murabaha 

الخطوات التي تقوم عليها عملية بيع المرابحة

"Tallaabooyinka ay ku dhisan tahay habka iibka Murabaha."

                                                                                                                               أدلة جواز بيع المرابحة

ولكنه ثبت بالنص العام والقاعدة الكلية، أما النص: فقوله تعالى:وَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ [البقرة:275].، وأما القاعدة فهي: "الأصل في المعاملات الإباحة"

       

Murabaha Meaning:

Murabaha “مرابحة” is a contract wherein the Islamic Bank, upon request by the customer, purchases the asset from a third-party supplier/vendor and resells it to the customer either against immediate payment or on a deferred payment basis. Al Murabahah means “cost plus financing,” derived from the Arabic word Rabah, which means “profit.” Murabaha contract is the sale of goods at cost plus an agreed profit.

Macnaha guud qoraalka kore; fahamka Muraabaxda 

Murabaha (مرابحة) waa nooc ka mid ah heshiisyada maaliyadeed ee Islaamiga ah, kaas oo bangiga Islaamiga ah, marka uu macaamilka codsado, uu hantida uga iibsado qof saddexaad (alaab-qeybiyaha ama shirkad), kaddibna bangigu wuxuu hantidaas ugu iibiyaa macaamilka iyadoo lagu daray faa’iido la isla oggol yahay. 

Erayga "Murabaha" wuxuu ka yimid erayga Carabiga ah ee "Rabah" oo micnihiisu yahay faa’iido. Sidaas darteed, Murabaha waa iib lagu sameeyo qiimaha alaabta oo lagu daray faa’iido la isku afgartay.

Akhri heerarka Muraabaxda ay marto. heshiiska Muraabaxda.

1. Conditons of sale contrac.  Shuruudaha Heshiiska Iibka

Murabaha ka imanaysa bangiga Islaamiga ma aha amaah lagu bixiyo lacag iyo dulsaarka lagu celinayo sida bangiyada caadiga ah, balse waa iib lagu sameeyo badeecad ama adeeg iyadoo lagu daray faa’iido la isla oggol yahay.

2- Goods subject to murabaha contract  - Badeecadaha ku jira Heshiiska Murabaha

Badeecadaha lagu iibinayo waa inay ahaadaan kuwa sharci iyo xalaal, isla markaana ay yihiin qiime ganacsi oo dhab ah. Lacagaha iyo waxyaabaha kale ee loo adeegsado isweydaarsiga, sida dahab ama qalinka, laguma samayn karo Murabaha, haddii bixinta lacagtu dib loo dhigo, sababtoo ah waa in lagu kala iibsadaa lacagtaas isla goobta.

Tusaale; warshad khamri soo saarta heshiis murabaha ma gasho, sababtoo ah ma aha xalaal, ma aha mid diinta waafqsan

3-     Costs related to the murabaha item - kharashaadka la xiriira Badeecadda Murabaha

Kharash kasta oo toos ah ama dadban—oo ay ku jiraan qiimaha asalka ah ee badeecadda iyo dhammaan kharashaadka kale (tusaale ahaan, xirxirida, gaadiidka, keenista, rakibidda iyo kharashyada wakiillada)—waa in si cad loo qeexaa, labada dhinacna (iibiyaha iyo iibsadaha) waa inay ka war hayaan isla markaana ay ku heshiiyaan.

4-     Markup or profit. Faa’iidada ama Kordhinta Qiimaha

Faa’iidada lagu daro waxay noqon kartaa qaddar go’an ( fixed cost) ama boqolkiiba qiimaha( rate %) badeecadda Murabaha. Qaddarkan wuxuu noqonayaa faa’iidada bangiga Islaamiga, halka iibsadahana uu ugu darsamaayo sidii kharash dheeraad ah oo uu ku helaayo fursadda bixinta dib loo dhigay.

5-     Third party seller - Iibiyaha Saddexaad

Heshiiska Murabaha, iibiyaha badeecadda ama adeegga waa inuu noqdaa qof ama shirkad saddexaad, oo aan ahayn bangiga Islaamiga ama macaamilka.

Tusaale; bankiga islaamiga adeeg uu isaga haayo murabaha ma gasho, adeegga waa in laga soo gadaa qof saddexaad, bankiga uu milkiyaa, kadib ayey murabaha sharciyeysan noqotaa.

6-     Clients promise  - Ballanqaadka Macaamilka

Si uu khatartiisa u yareeyo, bangigu wuxuu macaamiilka ka dalban karaa inuu saxiixo ballan cad oo ah inuu iibsan doono badeecadda marka bangigu soo iibsado. Tani waxaa loo yaqaan Murabaha leh ballan.

7-     Binding promise. Ballan ka-bax

Heshiiska Murabaha marka labada dhinac ay wada galaan, ballanku wuxuu leeyahay xagga anshaxa waajibaad. Hase yeeshee, haddii bangigu, isagoo ku tiirsan ballankaas, tallaabo ka qaado iibsashada badeecadda( soo gato ), ballankaasi wuxuu noqdaa sharci ahaan mid waajib ku ah qof adeegga codsadey, ballanta kama bixi kartid mar haddii adeegaagu la dalbay.

8-     Defects in the item - Cilladaha Badeecadda

Badeecadda Murabaha ay leedahay cillado, iibiyuhu waa inuu macaamilka ogeysiiyo. Qarinteedu waxay noqonaysaa khiyaano, iibsaduhuna wuxuu xaq u leeyahay inuu dalbado magdhow ama joojiyo iibka..

Tusaale: Bangiga ayaa kuu iibiyey qalab elektaroonik ah oo dhaawac ku jiray, adigana laguma wargelin – waxaad xaq u leedahay inaad ku soo celiso ama magdhow dalbato.

9-     Ownership of the item - Milkiyadda Badeecadda or The company buys these products for itself.

Murabaha waa mid waafaqsan shareecada Islaamka, sababtoo ah bangigu waa inuu marka hore yeeshaa milkiyadda badeecadda iyo lahaanshaha dhabta ah ama ka dhigan, si uu uga qaado dhammaan khataraha ka hor inta uusan macaamilka dib ugu iibin.

10 Advance payment or deposit - Bixinta Hore ama Dammaanad Lacageed

Macaamilka waxaa laga yaabaa in laga rabo ama uu iskii u bixiyo lacag hore ama dammaanad lacageed, taas oo qayb ka noqonaysa qiimaha badeecadda, laguna daro marka lacagta la bixinaayo. Tani shareecadu way oggol tahay.

Tusaale: Waxaad hore u bixisay $500 oo ka mid ah qiimaha guriga, lacagtaasna waxaa lagaa jarayaa marka lacagta inteeda kale la bixiyo.

11- Delivery of the item - Gaarsiinta Badeecadda

Gaarsiintu waxay dhacdaa isla markiiba, waxaana wixii intaas ka dambeeya khatarta iyo mas’uuliyadda badeecadda si buuxda u qaata macaamilka, maadaama heshiiska iibku dhammaaday.

Tusaale: Marka aad alaabta qaadato, haddii ay waxyeello gaarto markaas kadib, adiga ayaa mas’uul ka ah.

12-  Repayment. Dib u Bixinta

Bixinta waxaa lagu sameyn karaa isla goobta ama dibaa loo dhigi karaa, hal mar ama qaybo qaybo Jadwalka lacag bixinta iyo habka macaamilka waa in la isla oggolaadaa ka hor inta Murabaha la dhammeystirin.

Tusaale: Waxaa lagu heshiiyay inaad ku bixiso 12 bilood – waxa aad qaadatey ama murabaha ku heshay.

13-  Failure to repay. Dib u  Dhigidda Lacag Bixinta

Haddii bixinta lacagta dib loo dhigo, bangiyada caadiga ah waxay dulsaarka ku daraan dulsaarka hore, laakiin bangiyada Islaamiga ah ma kordhin karaan qiimaha ama faa’iidada la isla oggolaaday. Tani mararka qaar waxay keentaa in macaamiil qaarkood dib u dhigaan bixinta.

Tusaale: Haddii aad ku daahdo bixinta, bangiga Islaamiga ah ma kordhin karo lacagta lagu leeyahay.

14-  Delayed repayment - Ku Guuldareysiga Bixinta

Sida uu qabo shareecada, haddii deyn bixiye awood leh si ula kac ah u daahiyo ama u diido bixinta, waxaa laga qaadi karaa tallaabo sharci ah; haddii deyn bixiyuhu aanu awoodin (faqiir yahay), waxaa lagu taliyaa in loo samro oo dib loo dhigo bixinta.

Tusaale: Haddii aad awood leedahay oo aadan bixin lacagta, maxkamad ayaa lagu geyn karaa; haddii aad runtii awoodi weydo, waxaa lagu siin karaa waqti dheeri ah.

15-  Security. -  Dammaanad

 Bangiga Islaamiga wuxuu ka dalban karaa macaamilka inuu keeno dammaanad ama qof dammiin ka ah, ama inuu saxiixo warqad ballanqaad lacag bixineed. Badeecadda la iibsaday waxay noqon kartaa dammaanad.

Tusaale: Haddii aad ku iibsatay Murabaha guri, guriga laftiisa ayaa noqon kara dammaanad haddii aadan bixin lacagta.

Halkaas ayaan ku soo afjaray dhammaan tallaabooyinka muhiimka ah ee heshiiska Murabaha. Qormadani waxay u diyaarsan tahay in lagu sii xoojiyo oo lagu dhammaystiro faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo kaabaya fahamka kor ku xusan, taas oo idin ka caawin doonta in aad si qoto dheer u fahamtaan mawduuca. Mahadsanid akhriskaaga qiimaha leh.

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Mudane Axmed Carab.